The technology of fast construction of sandwich panel buildings enables erection of settlements for internally displaced persons with comfortable living conditions and good infrastructure within only several months.
The construction of home communities for internally displaced persons according to the Rauta frameless technology is based on three key principles:
1. Record short construction process.
Due to the small weight and high operational compatibility of the parts, the building case with foundation and installation of the main water, electrical and sewage services can be erected in only 5-7 days. The unification of the process enables mass construction of communities for refugees in a matter of months.
2. Comfortable living for people.
Well-designed home designs ensure that each house for internally displaced persons has a separate entrance, one or two rooms, an individual WC with a bath or shower, a toilet, a washing machine and water heating boiler, as well as a kitchen with a stove and fridge. In this manner, the Rauta technology provides for comfortable dwellings to a larger number of people in the community than alternative solutions with shared WCs, kitchens, and corridors.
3. High energy efficiency and reliability of houses.
Ruukki sandwich panels are used as the load bearing structures and external walls of the homes for IDPs, which ensures maximum energy efficiency (thermal resistance R=7.43 m2K/W) and the homes’ reliability (useful life up to 50 years).
Rauta offers two main layout options for prefabricated houses for internally displaced persons:
In the basic option, the technology of frameless construction of houses for IDPs assumes the use of the following materials and structures:
| Foundation | Prefabricated reinforced concrete blocks |
| Walls, flooring, and roof | Ruukki sandwich panels with foamed polyisocyanurate core (PIR) |
| Roof cover | PVC membrane |
| Entrance door | Metal |
| Windows | Metal and plastic windows with triple glazing |
| Internal doors | Timber with MDF covering |
| Flooring cover | Commercial linoleum or laminate above OSB |
| Heating | Electrical, air |
| Ventilation | Supply via a diffuser and forced exhaust from the kitchen and WC |
| Power supply services | Arrangement of power supply sockets about the house |
| Water supply and sewage | Provision of water supply and sewage in wet areas |
| Lightning protection | Lightning arrester with earthing |
The house designs are prepared as to enable the quick construction of separate, duplex, or blocked houses.
To start the construction of a residential community for internally displaced persons, one needs a land plot near a settlement, with the provision of power supply and a road. Water supply and sewage can be connected to the nearby district grids or can be self-contained.
Rauta has developed several options for residential community city masterplans for internally displaced persons, which take into account various needs and financing possibilities. The modular nature of each project enables its quick scaling, to increase or decrease the required area.
1 ha residential area.
Project advantages:
Parameters:
Implementation timing: approx. 3 months.
5 ha residential area.
Project advantages:
Parameters:
Implementation timing: approx. 6 months.
10 ha residential area.
Project advantages:
Parameters:
Implementation timing: approx. 1 year.
The technology of the frameless construction using sandwich panels allows creating structural buildings, which can be efficiently operated for decades. This would allow people, who are unable to quickly return home, to stay in these residential communities for a long time in comfortable living conditions.
If the need for such residential communities disappears in time, it would be possible to quickly disassemble the sandwich panel houses and move them to other locations, or to modify them to meet new functions: recreation base, outpatient hospital, administrative center, small trade or office buildings etc.
Upon completion of the useful life of sandwich panels they can be fully recycled: the steel face is separated from the core and used as scrap metal, while the PIR core can be recycled or burnt as a source of thermal energy.
The construction of a residential community for internally displaced persons requires indepth knowledge of design, manufacturing structures, and assembly; hence only an experienced contractor should be commissioned for the construction of these buildings. Rauta specialists have extensive experience of work using fast construction technologies, which enables them to erect sandwich panel houses within the shortest possible timing and with a high level of quality.
